Desenvolvimento do software “LDNACr” para gerenciamento eficiente de amostras, casos criminais e análise de perfis genéticos em laboratório de genética forense

Abstract

Due to the success of forensic genetics in solving crimes, the increase in the processing and sample analysis requires laboratories changes and new methodologies, through the implementation of automation and computerized systems. Currently more than 60 countries have National Genetic Profiles Databases. In Brazil, the implantation of the National Genetic Profiles Database with the CODIS software, occurred in a gradual way in the Brazilian states. By May 2017, eighteen state laboratories and a federal police laboratory were part of the network. The deployment of genetic profiling banks increases the demand for sample processing and analysis, and requires adaptation in terms of workflow, management, and analytics. In this context, the LDNACr system, developed here in this Master Thesis, is based on the requirements of the DNA Criminal Lab of the Civil Police of the Espírito Santo state in Brazil. During the validation, the LDNACr software proved efficiency, allowing the data to be stored and organized following the workflow performed in the Laboratory, through processing biological samples and analyzing the genetic profiles generated by them. The system also has an analysis tool that allows agility for comparison and ordering of the profiles according the similarity of genetic STR sequences, as well as accurately providing the results of biostatistical calculations most commonly used in forensic routine, such as Likelihood Ratio (LR), Paternity Index (PI) and Probability of Paternity (PP). The results of the calculations were validated by comparison with the results of the "Familias 3" software, widely used by several laboratories in the world. The LDNACr system is a solution to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the forensic genetics laboratory in the country, in the absence of specific solutions.