Relação entre fatores sociodemográficos e o impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida de gestantes usuárias do SUS

Abstract

The influence of oral health on the quality of life relates to the personal and sociodemographic factors affecting perceptions, senses and behaviors. The aim of this study was to examined the relationship between sociodemographic factors and the impact of oral health in the quality of life of pregnant women users of the Brazil's Unified Health System of the Metropolitan Region of Grande Vitória (RMGV) and the microregion of São Mateus (MRSM), Espírito Santo. These are two sectional observational epidemiological studies with 1,035 pregnant women from RMGV and 742 from MRSM. A structured, pre-tested questionnaire collected the sociodemographic variables and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) evaluated the impact of oral health on the quality of life. Statistical analyses using the chi-square and multiple logistic regression tests were performed, both with significance levels of 5%. The region of residence influenced women's impact of oral health on the quality of life (MRSM=5.8% vs. RMGV=8.8%, p=0.018), highlighting the dimension "psychological discomfort" (MRSM=2.8% vs.RMGV=4.7%, p=0.042). The higher the educational level, the less chance of the pregnant woman having an impact (OR=0.253, 95% CI=0161-0.397), as well as when making more prenatal consultations (OR=0.480, 95% CI=0.295-0.780) and when having a companion (OR=0.379, 95% CI=0.255-.563). Health authorities must address sociodemographic factors when planning interventions on oral health for pregnant women, given their influence on the quality of life.