Caracterização do efluente doméstico no pós-tratamento com macrófitas

Abstract

The post-treatment of effluents is used to remove certain specific elements. At this stage, satisfactory results can be obtained with the use of macrophytes cultivated in constructed wetlands. Based on the hypothesis that it is feasible to use macrophytes in the post-treatment of sewage, the aim of this study was to characterize the performance of Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum wallisii) and Alpine (Alpinea purpurata) in a post-treatment system of domestic sewage. The work was carried out on the premises of the Sewage Treatment Station “José Cirilo”, of the Municipal Department of Sanitation, in the city of Muriaé, state of Minas Gerais. The system consisted of using two species of macrophytes, Peace Lily and Alpine, which were cultivated in constructed wetlands built with 100 mm PVC pipe, measuring 6 m in length and partially filled with zero gravel. The system performance was evaluated by determining the values of total dissolved salts, pH, turbidity, phosphorus, total nitrogen and heterotrophic bacteria. Based on the results, the efficiency of removal of variables and the growth of plant species was determined. The treatments were composed using three beds flooded with effluents, of which two were cultivated with the macrophytes Peace Lily and Alpine and eight evaluation periods. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance, mean test and regression, according to a randomized block design, in a 2 x 8 factorial scheme with three replications. Through the results obtained, it was verified that the use of macrophytes provided positive results in the reduction of turbidity, total dissolved salts, phosphorus, total nitrogen and heterotrophic bacteria, as well as the use of macrophytes was satisfactory for the removal efficiency of the variables turbidity, nitrogen and heterotrophic bacteria.