Diretrizes para Tomada de Decisão na Gestão dos Resíduos de Madeira da Indústria Moveleira, com Base na Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV)

Abstract

The general objective of this thesis was to formulate guidelines for decision-making based on the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), analyzing basic and proposed scenarios for the management of wood waste in the furniture industries of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, under the ideal of Circular Economy (CE). The spatial cutout for the study was the central-northern region of the state. In order to achieve the general objective, the specific objectives were addressed in the three articles that make up this work. In this way, the research questions initially elaborated were answered by the articles. The first article provides a guiding proposal for the development of future LCAs of timber waste management systems, based on the deficiencies and good examples found in the research that makes up the broad literature review of this study. The critical review highlights the lack of standardization and clarity of the research. Several recommendations and perspectives within the LCA of wood waste management (WWM) were highlighted. To leverage all these research opportunities, it is important for LCA practitioners to adopt a global standardization for analyzing wood waste (WW) management systems. The second article aimed to carry out a comparative LCA, analyzing the environmental aspects and impacts of different scenarios of wood waste management generated in the furniture industries of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. For the study, five scenarios were projected: MDF production (scenario 1); MDP production (scenario 2); production of solid ceramic brick (scenario 3); heat production in the ceramic industries (scenario 4); and destination to landfill (scenario 5). The results showed that Scenarios 1 and 2 are potentially more favorable compared to Scenario 3 and Scenario 4. Scenario 1 achieved more environmental benefits across all impact categories assessed. Scenario 5 (disposal to landfill) is the least favorable practice. The third article of this study aimed to develop guidelines for decision-making on the management of wood waste from the furniture industry. As a result, the three basic guidelines elaborated include: discouraging the disposal of wood waste to landfills; encourage the use of WW based on the concept of Industrial Symbiosis; foster the creation of the market for the use of WW in new products. Finally, with the proposed guidelines, it will be possible to provide a scientific basis for the decisionmaking process on wood waste management, contributing to the advancement of Circular Economy practices in Espírito Santo, Brazil.