Técnicas de Resolução de Problemas

Abstract

In this dissertation, we present and apply some techniques aimed at solving Geome- try problems in the context of Olympic Mathematics competitions, namely: the technique of the noblest element, the technique of the solved problem, generalization, specialization, and analogy. Such techniques, exposed by G. Polya in his book "The Art of Solving Problems", can help teachers and students of Basic Education in the elaboration of study guides aimed at solving difficult Geometry problems. Specifically, this dissertation is characterized as a set of didactic units, which can be used by public and private teachers of Portuguese-speaking countries to train students via individual or collective approaches to Olympic competitions. Each chapter of this dissertation sheds light on one or more of these techniques, illustrating them through the detailed resolution of problems extracted from national and international competitions.