A revolução iraniana na perspectiva de Khomeini: representações e paradigmas de um governo islâmico xiita (1979-1989)

Abstract

The vicissitudes of the Islamic State, Xiita, and the connections established between religion and the government in dialectic of consecration are analyzed. The political-theological thinking of Ruhullah Khomeini is investigated, both its endogenous motivations and the structural theological typologies, elucidating the possible connections between politics and religion in the cultural processes that form alternatives and identities in its nuclear socialpolitical expression as well as investigating the institutional systems, politicizing prophecy and radicalism as a form of social expression and political emancipation; Focusing on the innovations of the Khomeini paradigm in the political construction of the Iranian revolution, understanding that moulding the "Ayatollahs Republic” represents a personal and Islamic vision of modernity. Specific ideas of Khomeini´s, introduced into Iranian political history in his reinterpretation of Xiita theology are highlighted; such as: the call for; clerical political activism, for a tutor conducting them to the creation of just and certain laws configuring a political apparatus orientated by governmental scripture ; Khomeini promoted a depersonalization of Xiita thinking, that is, the centrality of religious law substituted the religious person. The institutional rites and the hegemony mechanisms are geared to sanctify the politics and government under the aegis of the Koran. Additionally paradigms for the implantation of an Islamic government under the aegis of governmental scripture are presented following Khomeini's argument. The expectation generated by the Iranian revolution for the Islamic minorities stationed on the periphery of world is highlighted stressing Iran's ascension as a regional political actor and the developments in the relationships between Mussulman world and the West. The historical intrigues and the current configuration of the diverse tensions between modernity and Xiita symbolism are stressed recognizing congruities and disparities. Faith is the revolutionary road for approximation between two such worlds apparently so far apart which are however in fact so close together this apparent distance being principally because of errors of interpretation of interlocutors who insist on determined historical postures thereby consolidating and maintaining a political environment and morale of hostility and incomprehension.