Obtenção de parâmetros para estudo de dimensionamento de um muro de contenção com pneus e coproduto siderúrgico de aciaria

Abstract

Currently, the increase in the number of people living in risk areas has been one of the negative characteristics of urbanization and growth process of Brazilian cities. Landslides are frequent on slopes during rainy periods, especially in large urban centers. One way to reduce the impacts caused by disasters is to construct structures structures that retain slopes, and the purpose of this study is the use of a retaining wall with tires, a type of weight wall whose structure is intended to withstand lateral earth pressure, maintaining stability due to its own weight. The use of tires has several applications in civil engineering, with several cases of success around the world, due to the large supply of old tires and the lack of equipment or specialized construction techniques. This research discusses the use of two residues in the construction of retaining walls: waste tires from light vehicles and steelworks steelworks. The steel industry in Brazil was responsible for producing 34.4 million tons of steel in 2017, taking the country to the ninth position in the world production ranking. In the same year the production of steel waste was 20.9 million tons, and 607 kg of waste was generated for each ton of steel produced. The use of these two residues allows limiting waste and reducing the consumption of raw materials, and is in line with the correct and efficient management of solid waste. In order to evaluate if used tires are a viable alternative to traditional solutions in the construction of retaining walls, and if the steel co-product improves the mechanical properties of a retaining wall, characterization tests of the coproduct and the soil were carried out; compaction tests with samples from mixtures of co-product and soil; direct shear tests to calculate the interface friction angle between the foundation soil and the wall of gravity; and calculations related to the specific mass of the mixture/tire assembly. Once the resistance parameters were obtained, a stability analysis of the designed retaining wall was carried out with pre-established dimensions, always maintaining the same proportions and the same test procedures. The results show that: i) the tire retaining walls are technically efficient, being the object of research in Brazilian and foreign universities; ii) steel waste has a wide field of use, with the most diverse applications; iii) the use of the two residues together is of extreme relevance, and its effectiveness is expressed in the results of the present research