Efeitos do tamanho do campo e regras de pontuação durante tarefas de treino baseadas em jogos sobre o desempenho físico e a dinâmica de ocupação do espaço em jogadores profissionais de futebol

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different scoring methods and two different field sizes on the physical performance demands and spatial occupancy dynamics during small-sided games among professional soccer players. Thirteen players (age 23.1 ± 4.0) were non-randomly selected. Small-sided games were conducted in 6vs6 formats (or GK+6vs6+GK) using three scoring methods (Ball Possession, Progression to the Zone, and Progression with GK) on two different field sizes (small: 58.6m2 per player; large: 131.2m2 per player). Data on both physical demands and spatial occupancy dynamics were obtained using GPS Vector S7 devices (10 Hz). The main results showed that games played on large fields were associated with higher both physical demands (total distance, FMP High and Medium Running Duration, moderate-speed running, and high-speed running) and spatial occupancy (spatial exploration index, displacements on the x-axis, displacements on the y-axis, and major range). Ball Possession games were also associated with higher PlayerLoad demands, total distance, and moderate-speed running compared to Progression to End Zone and Progression with GK. Additionally, Ball Possession games showed higher values for FMP High Dynamic Duration, number of explosive efforts, and high deceleration distance than Progression to Target Zone games, as well as higher values of RHIE and FMP Medium Running Duration than Progression with GK games, while Progression to End Zone games had higher values of high-speed running than Ball Possession games. Furthermore, both Ball Possession and Progression to End Zone games recorded higher values for displacements in both the x-axis and y-axis in comparison with the Progression with GK games, while Possession games had higher demands for spatial exploration index and major range than the other scoring methods. Information on how the manipulation of these constraints affects the demands of small-sided games can be useful for prescribing soccer-specific training and conditioning programs.