Efeitos da exposição ao CdCl2 em ratos : um estudo de deposição tecidual e uma visão cardiovascular

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 30 days exposure to CdCl2 100 mg L-1 on the tissue distribution of this metal and the effect on myocardial contractility. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided in two groups: control and treated. Blood pressure was measured weekly during the exposure. At the end of treatment the animals were anesthetized for hemodynamic assessment and sacrificed for in vitro measurements using the technique of isolated muscles. Tissue samples were sent for determination of cadmium using atomic absorption spectrometry technique. The blood concentration of cadmium in the treated group was attained 40 µg L-1, higher than the biological index allowed by existing laws in the world. The main sites of deposition of the metal were the kidneys and liver. Since first week of exposure, the blood pressure of the treated group was high and remained increased until the end of the treatment. Hemodynamic evaluation showed an increase in systolic blood pressure (Control: 114 ± 5 vs Treated: 127 ± 3 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (Control: 63 ± 2 vs Treated: 81 ± 4 mmHg), left ventricular (Control: 127 ± 2 vs Treated: 140 ± 4 mmHg) and heart rate (control: 333 ± 8 vs. Treaty: 377 ± 7 mmHg) and a reduction in end-diastolic pressure of the right ventricle (Control: 6.4 ± 0.8 vs Treated : 4.1 ± 0.3 mmHg). In vitro, treatment with cadmium did not change the inotropic state (contractile force). The direct exposure of the metal on isolated muscles showed a reduction in contractile force development at concentrations above 5 µmol L-1 of CdCl2. These results demonstrate that cadmium is a metal with great potential for developing of hypertension