Políticas de memória e justiça de transição nos governos do Partido dos Trabalhadores (2003-2016)

Abstract

This paper seeks to analyze memory policies during the governments of the Workers' Party (2003-2016), based on a review of the available literature on political transition, transition justice and memory policies. This being a work of history of the present time, it is important to highlight the use of sources as press materials, available on the internet, to understand the ways in which the past was used by different actors in the political scene. We understand that the political transition process was markedly conciliatory and excluded several popular and democratic sectors from the political dispute, with the PT being a party founded to represent such groups, so that we will use documentary sources from this to undertake such a reading. In this context, the amnesty law (1979), the indirect election for president of the Republic (1984) and the Constitution (1988) were important moments for the establishment of this arrangement. This arrangement allowed the military to accumulate institutional prerogatives that made it possible to maintain non-accountability for the crimes committed during the dictatorship. In this way, the policies of memory and transitional justice, which concern the way in which a government relates to the past, were established based on the framework of political reconciliation implemented during the period of redemocratization. In 2002, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010) was elected president and during his mandates and that of his successor, Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016, these limits were observed. However, the topic became the subject of disputes over the past authoritarian in public opinion, especially after the installation of the National Truth Commission (2012). It is important to highlight that the emergence of these narratives was not only due to demonstrations by the military, but also to positions expressed by the liberal media. elements of the breakdown of the conciliation, among which the disputes for the past denote a preponderant role.The work seeks to understand the role of these disputes in this crisis.