Literatura, jornalismo e transculturação: Ángel Rama e Gabriel García Márquez

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to analyze the book Relato de um náufrago (1970), by Gabriel García Márquez, considering the theory of Narrative Transculturation proposed by the Uruguayan writer and theorist Ángel Rama. This study was carried out using the bibliographic research method. Thus, starting from the hypothesis that if a transcultural literary work, which develops from the relationship between dominant and dominated cultures, is structurally marked by a decolonizing cosmovision, this study aims is to investigate how this cosmovision manifests itself in the literary/journalistic work in question. For the development of this investigation, the concept of the aesthetic regime of art, presented by the French philosopher Jacques Rancière, was used with the objective of showing that the art that assumed the ascendant power of common work was also, necessarily, a transcultural art in the axiological sense. Of the term, since the transculturation occurred due to the process of displacement from the private appropriation of work to transcultural disappropriation, carried out by the class that produce, the working class. In the case of Gabriel García Márquez's novel, this transcultural ascending power of the work became possible through the visibility of two types of work: the more objective one, in which the sailor Luis Alejandro Velasco carried out to survive a shipwreck in 1955; and another, in which the character of the tragedy joins the writer-journalist Gabriel García Márquez to tell the story as it actually happened, since the official journalism of the period had hidden the truth. Thus, by shaping oral culture to literate culture, without hierarchy, it was possible to verify that the work under discussion is transcultural literary/journalistic.