A trajetória institucional de adolescentes e jovens pós-cumprimento de medida socioeducativa: entre o cárcere, a morte e a luta por sobrevivência

Abstract

This research established as main objective to identify the institutional trajectory of young adults after the fulfillment of the socio-educational measure of detention in the period from 2016 to 2021 in the region of Greater Vitória - ES, seeking to highlight the mechanisms used for its maintenance or rupture, in order to understand its complexity, as a social production of the capitalist system, where order preservation institutions play a central role. Initially, structural violence and its determinants in Brazil are addressed, which has racism as a structural element, highlighting the particularities of violence against youth. Then, a historical rescue is made on the socio-education policy in Brazil, demonstrating that despite the advances in the legal plan, its implementation and defense of the human rights of adolescents and young adults who are attributed the authorship of an infraction is real and challenge. In this context, care after restrictive and custodial socio-educational measures has been marked by discontinuities and non-attendance to adolescents and young adults in their demands for social protection, which contributes to the production of the institutional trajectory. Subsequently, the historical course of Socioeducation and post-restriction and deprivation of liberty care in the State of Espírito Santo is presented, which brings similarities with the other states of the federation, but presents singularities. The adopted methodology used a bibliographical review of theoretical references, research results on socio-education policy and care after restrictive and custodial MSE in Brazil and Espírito Santo; the documentary research consisted of verifying the institutional trajectory of adolescents and young people, who left the socio-educational units of deprivation of liberty in the region of Greater Vitória - ES in the period from 2016 to 2021, through the crossing of information from the systems: Siases; Infopen-ES and SIM/SUS; the empirical research was carried out with an in-depth interview with two young adults after completing the MSE of detention. In this line, the present research advances with regard to the identification of limits and possibilities of care after a socio-educational measure of deprivation of liberty. In addition, the study on screen indicates that prison, death and the struggle for survival have marked the trajectory of adolescents and young adults who pass through the socio-educational system. The stigma of “egress” contributes to an eternal control and reiteration of violence.