Controle secundário para uma microrrede e proposta de correção de fator de potência

Abstract

The Distributed Generation is an expression used to characterize generations of energy installed in the place of consumption or near to it. In this context, the microgrid concept emerges, which is a configuration characterized by a composition of loads, generation units and storage units that work together to supply the electrical energy of a certain region. These generations are mostly composed of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. The generation of small amounts of energy and distribution close to the consumer market has many advantages, such as reducing transmission losses, using renewable resources, diversifying the energy matrix and increasing the reliability of the system. The connection of these sources is made by converters using vector control as the primary control. This dissertation presents an EMTDC / PSCAD modeling of the electric energy distribution network of the Goiabeiras Campus of the Federal University of Espírito Santo, grouping the loads of this system into 9 centers and installing in 3 of them a wind turbine and photovoltaic panel, influenced by variations of wind speed, temperature and irradiation of the region the University. The primary control used is effective, whereas the maximum active power of the photovoltaic and wind generation was extracted and there was a decoupling of the active and reactive power control loops. A proposed secondary control uses this decoupling feature and provides reactive power reference for renewable energy generations contribute through their converters with reactive power and increase the input power factor of the Ufes network, reducing or eliminating possible the payment of surplus reactive energy.