Confronto do uso e ocupação da terra em APP's e estimativa de perda de solo na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Alegre, ES

Abstract

The disordered occupations entail serious consequences for the environment. This study aimed: 1) to analyze the areas of conflict regarding the use and land cover within the Permanent Preservation Areas (APP’s) of river basin Alegre Alegre, ES, and 2) to estimate soil loss by erosion water occurring in both classes of APP's as good in the classes of risks slide located at the seat of the municipality. To achieve the first objective, we employed the use of geotechnology to delimit the APP's (marginal strip, top of hill streams and on slopes) from the viewpoint of Environmental Law, classify the use and occupation of the land, identify and analyze to areas of conflict. To achieve the second objective was employed Equation Universal Soil Loss (USLE) which defines the ability of certain materials lose ground due to the action of water erosion. It was found that the methodology adopted for automatic delineation of APP's was efficient, producing effectively and fast accurate information about its size and spatial distribution in the river basin Alegre. The results show that 73.60 km ², with a total of 205.21 km ² basin is APP's 47.50 km ² and lies with inappropriate land use, accounting for 64.60% of APP's and average soil loss for the basin was 0.40 ton/ha/year and for neighborhoods headquarters was 2.31 ton/ha/year.