Sólitons topológicos em 2+1 dimensões: soluções de vórtices e suas interações.

Abstract

The ideas of topological solitons are discussed in the context of gauges theories in 2 + 1 dimensions, where these configurations appears as vortices. In this text we detailed the numeric techniques utilized in the determination of such solutions for already well known models, in need of a revision, as the Maxwell-Higgs and Maxwell-Chern-Simons-Higgs model, we also have developed a study of vortices in a model with Lorentz symmetry breaking. Eventhough we have restricted our studies to static configurations, we also considered the determination of the force between vortices and we built tools that allow for the determination of the nature of such forces, it being attractive or repulsive, for the case neutral and charged vortices.