Alocação e dimensionamento de geração distribuída e coordenação otimizada de religador-fusível baseados em algoritmos genéticos

Abstract

Nowadays, it is possible to notice a growth in the integration of Distributed Energy Resource (DER) in the distribution systems. Despite the many benefits caused by this integration, there are some changes in the load and short-circuit current, which may lead to some issues in the protection system, such as simpathetic tripping, mis-coordination between protective devices, reduction in reach of impedance relays, among others. Moreover, an improper DER integration can generate problems regarding the levels of current, voltage and power factor of the network. Therefore, in this work, the author aimed to conduct a specific study related to the DER optimal allocation and sizing in a distribution feeder, in order to reduce investment and operation costs, regarding the operational and physical limits of the system and generators. In addition, optimal recloser fuse coordination was performed to reduce the actuation time of these protective devices, taking into account the generation and load variation during the day, DER operating modes and all the fault types. In this study, the optimization method adopted was genetic algorithms, due to the adaptive optimization and parallel computing which, based on the selection, crossover and mutation operations, are capable of searching for the optimal solution in the solution space; and the IEEE 34-Node Test Feeder was used to evaluate the proposed methodology. Therefore, from the results, it was possible to notice a 39.420% reduction of the overall cost, from the DER allocation proposed in this analysis. Regarding the coordination between reclosers and fuses, it was possible to achieve a single protection scheme, which is able to coordinate the protective devices for all the analyzed cases simultaneously, avoiding the need for adaptive protection or fault current limiters