Uma imersão no passado-presente: o revisionismo bolsonarista sobre a ditadura (2011-2019)

Abstract

Between 1964 and 1985 arose the Military Dictatorship in Brazil. Unfolded by a civil-military coup d'etat against the acting president João Gulart on March 31st of 1964. Backed by the American government and organized by the armed forces along with sectors of the brazilian elite, the coup sought to hold the seeming communist advance in the country. Controversies have emerged due to the affairs that surrounds the Military Dictatorship and are still present nowadays. It's possible to observe the civil society's reasoning, or even a substantial part, tied to the institutional environment, the defence of revisionist narrative construction regarding this phase in Brazilian republic's history. The current president, Jair Messias Bolsonaro, along with his political group, are great revisionist enthusiasts. Consequently, the rise of bolsonarism to power is the result of a series of occurrences in Brazil since June 2013, where protests were taken to the streets in many cities. A period of political crisis had begun, highlighting the polarization of the society during the general election of 2014, when Dilma Rousseff was reelected president amongst a troubled second mandate, interrupted by an impeachment process in 2016. With regards to this political episode and history a narrative dispute starts to emerge, where, one side, concerns the legitimacy and/ or illegitimacy of the removal of the president from office, and the other side, regarding the rise to Executive power an extreme right-wing ex-military. Thus, this dissertation discusses the revisionist narrative regarding the Military Dictatorship as a political aspect in Bolsonaro's political culture, deriving from the hypothesis that Bolsonaro aims to create an alternative version about this historical period from a revisionist and nostalgic view point. Argumenting that this point of view, which compliments the "military regime" represents a threat in solid democratic maintenance in the country. Finally, the document sources used in this essay utilizes news broadcasted in brazilian and international news between the years of 2011 and 2020, besides audiovisual resources posted on Youtube, public figure's speeches, legislations and the Guia Politicamente Incorreto da História do Brasil (2009). All working from a discourse analysis methodology, mainly aiming on aspects regarding the theoretical points utilized in historical approaches of the Present Time along with the political culture concepts, memory, revisionism and bolsonarism.