O Espírito Santo nos anos 90 : uma análise do desenvolvimento econômico e humano através do Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal Ajustado

Abstract

The involvement of the state of Espirito Santo in capitalism, as much at the national as well as the international level, determined the socioeconomic scene of the 1990s, at the end of 2oth century. In this environment, there was a clear concentration of economic and population activity in few cities councils, especially the ones within the Metropolitan Region of Vitoria. However, in these cities there was a corresponding concentration of social problems. In a general analysis, between the Censuses of 1991 and 2000 the IDHM-R improved significantly. At the beginning of the decade 60 cities councils were in the below average category; by 2000 there were only three. Nevertheless, 35 cities councils, where 73% of the population used to live, had gained an increase in income. It can be affirmed that there had been economic development in the state in the 1990s, at least to a large extent within the cities; however, a detrimental effect on social welfare is verified. As for the IDHMA, large part of Espirito Santo cities councils was fitted in the medium human development, and none in the category of high development. In the North region, above the Rio Doce, had the worse indicator of development in reason of particular socioeconomic history of the region. The majority of the cities with better IDHMA were next to the Colatina, Cachoeiro de Itapemirim and on the coast line from Aracruz until Piúma.