Seleção de alternativas para minimização do estresse ocupacional em uma instituição pública federal de ensino

Abstract

As an introduction, the work environment consists of stressors, which can be related and classified mainly in terms of the number and nature of risk agents, which not only influence the incidence of diseases, but also the worker's psychological. The context of these stressors depends on the intensity and constancy in which they act under workers, as they generate the emergence of occupational stress and aggravation of pre-existing diseases as consequences. The problem of occupational stress has an impact both on the individual's physical and psychological health as well as damage to institutions due to low productivity, demotivation, aggressiveness, absenteeism and staff turnover. Therefore, the preventive diagnosis of stressors is justified so that managers can seek administrative strategies focused on the health and well-being of their employees. Thus, the main objective of this dissertation is to propose alternatives that minimize the occupational stress caused by attributes of high impact for the servers in a Federal Public Education Institution. In theoretical terms, the development of this dissertation relates stressing factors and subfactors studied mainly by Cary L. Cooper (1983). Regarding methods and procedures, the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo was used as a research unit, specifically the São Mateus campus, with the perspective of Technical-Administrative Servants in Education (TAE) and teachers. With the support of the Analytic Hierarchy Process method, it was identified which were the most relevant stressors for TAE’s and for teachers, as well as which coping strategy that best suits the reality of each career. The approach showed as a result that interpersonal relationship conflicts are the main stressors in the institution, and the main alternatives for coping with occupational stress were positive reassessment, social support and study. Finally, a technical product of an applied nature was made with strategies to minimize the stress in the studied organization, in order to enable the creation of an environment that reduces the suffering of the servants and that in this way, both the individual, the institution and the society can benefit.