Efeito do laser de baixa potência de AsGaAl no pós-operatório de cirurgias de terceiros molares inferiores

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of the Low Potency Laser (LBP) of Gallium and Aluminum Arsenide (AsGaAI) in reduction of pain and in the reestablishment of the mouth opening when used in the postoperative period of patients submitted to surgical removal of lower third molars. The sample consisted of 22 patients between 18 and 35 years old who were part of both groups, the laser group (G1) and the control group (G2). The subjects underwent surgical exodon of elements 38 and 48 on different days and the application of LBP and placebo was followed according to the pre-established protocol of immediate application, 24 and 48 h afterthe surgical procedure in G1 and in G2, respectively. Patients received, as a laser group, 4 J / cm2 of AsGaAI Low Power Laser energy density, wavelength 808 nm, for periods of 30 and 40 s intra and extraoral, respectively. Postoperative pain was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS) completed at the end of the surgery (at the end of the anesthesia effect), 24 and 48 hours after surgery. The mouth opening was measured with digital caliper (Mitutoyo®), prior to surgery and 24 and 48 hours after the surgical procedure. For the statistical analysis, the nonparametric tests Friedman and Wilcoxon were used in the perception of pain and the parametric tests ANOVA and Studenfs were used in the mouth opening evaluation. The results obtained identified a statistically significant difference in pain perception, being smaller in all periods of time in the laser group compared to the placebo group, while no statistical difference was observed associated to the reestablishment of the mouth opening. Therefore, we conclude that with the methodology used the AsGaAI laser, in the proposed therapeutic protocol, was effective in the reduction of pain.