Uma metodologia para a construção de árvore solar inspirada em Fibonacci a fim de maximizar a geração de energia por área de instalação

Abstract

Solar trees, three-dimensional structures that imitate nature, with trunks, branches, and photovoltaic leaves, are a way of verticalizing the generation of solar energy. This type of vertical structure is increasingly becoming a trend in the field of renewable energies, especially solar energy since it allows for generating more energy using less space when compared to conventional solar plants, which are arranged in a horizontal plane. However, in solar trees, there is a loss in light capture, as the upper leaves block part of the incident light on the lower leaves. To minimize these losses, mathematical techniques inspired by natural trees are studied, such as the Fibonacci technique, which interferes with the angle between the leaves and their distance from the center of the tree. In particular, in the Fibonacci tree, the average annual solar incidence, measured in kWh, depends on several factors, including height, leaf area, number of leaves, and projection radius. In this study, the behavior of the Fibonacci tree was analyzed concerning its constructive variables and a methodology was proposed to obtain an annual average solar incidence equation as a function of these variables. For this, the process of computational simulation of the incidence concerning the factors was automated, allowing the obtaining of a large volume of data that helps in the interested party’s decision-making according to his criteria.