Avaliação do potencial osteointegrativo de biomaterial ósseo

Abstract

The growing need for the use of bone grafts, mainly related to orthopedic and dental surgery, is generating the need for production of new biomaterials. Given this need, the use of xenograft as been an alternative as biomaterial. The use of younger bone grafts, which provide primitive factors involved in bone development, could induce more efficient bone regeneration, which can be found using fetal bone grafts. The objective of this study was to test the osteointegration of a decellularized bone biomaterial produced from 0,5% SDS trated bovine fetal bone for use in tissuebio-engineering. To test osteointegration, grafts were applied to cranial holes in rats. Subsequently histochemical stain in gand optical microscopy techniques were used, as well as quantitative collagene valuation by Image J softwere. There was no statistical differences between the different groups evaluated, regardless of the type of graft used (FC: Celularized Fetal - Control, FD: Decellularized Fetal, AC: Celularized Adult – Control, AD: Decellularized Adult) and the animals eutanásia time (2 or 4 weeks). Even for animals that did not recived graft (VZ: Void), there was no statistical significance for the same euthanasia periods mentioned. However, the qualitative evaluation by optical microscopy showed an arrangement to collagen fibers in the longitudinal and parallel direction, joing there main bones (where the holes were made in the skull of the animals), and also the formation of cartilage in the cranial holes in the decellularized groups. It seems to show a potencial of SDS 0,5% treated xenograft to function as biomaterial in the future. New evaluations will be required to confirm this potencial.