Intertextualidade, argumentação e efeitos de humor irônico em desnotícias do Jornal Sensacionalista

Abstract

This research is based on the theoretical-methodological assumptions of Textual Linguistics, with a socio-cognitive-interactional basis, and its theme is intertextuality and the production of ironic humor in unnews from Jornal Sensacionalista. We consider unnews as a textual genre, currently broadcast in digital media, which parodies factual news, and whose communicative purpose is to criticize society through humor. The questions that guide this study are: (1) How are intertextual relationships constructed in our research data?; (2) How does intertextuality contribute to the production of humor in the selected news stories?; and (3) What do intertextuality and humor reveal about argumentation? To answer these questions, our general objective is to verify the role of intertextual processes and argumentation in the construction of humor in the selected data. Furthermore, we established the following specific objectives: (1) identify, describe and analyze intertextual relationships in selected unnews; (2) discuss the relationship of this textual phenomenon in the production of humor effects; and (3) highlight, in the selected data, the argumentative purpose of Jornal Sensacionalista in relation to Bolsonaro's government. In order to achieve the outlined objectives, this study has as its theoretical-methodological contribution the works of Sousa (2013), Sousa and Alves Filho (2013), Silveira (2013; 2019); Figueira (2019), Campos (2019) and Sá (2021), with regard to unnews; Koch, Bentes and Cavalcante (2012), Carvalho (2018), Cavalcante et al. (2020; 2022), with regard to intertextuality; Amossy (2011, 2017), Cavalcante et al. (2020, 2022), with regard to argumentation; and Bergson (2018, [1900]), Freud (2017, [1905]), Raskin (1985), Travaglia (1989, 1990), Brait (2008[1996]), Oliveira (2008), Lins and Gonçalves (2012) , in terms of humor. The data for this work consists of five unnews stories, whose theme is the pre-election campaign for president of Brazil in 2022. Such data were collected from May to July 2022, on the Sensacionalista portal, on the social network Instagram. Finally, the results demonstrate that the use of intertextuality in our research data reveals strategic actions, the purpose of which is to persuade the reader to assume a certain point of view. Furthermore, ironic humor – the main strategy used in the parody – has the functions of criticizing, denouncing and reinforcing the identity of social groups that, in this case, are Bolsonaro's opponents.