Práticas sociais de profissionais da atenção primária à saúde em atendimentos grupais

Abstract

The research sought to analyze the social practices of primary health care professionals working in the coordination of group visits at the Health Unit. Two studies were carried out. The first presents results obtained through semi-structured interviews with seven professionals analyzed through the Thematic Content Analysis. A total of 139 themes and 19 categories were identified. It is observed in the discourse produced by the professionals, elements on the elaboration, execution, and evaluation of care in groups that meet the guidelines of the Unified Health System and points that deviate from what is advocated by theories in group psychology and by policies of health. The second study shows results obtained through eighteen participant observation sessions and six group visits of three Health Units. The Thematic Content Analysis was used and the groups were inserted into three categories: 1) Manual activities as conducive to health promotion; 2) Group as an orientation space and demand organization; 3) Group as a space for listening and expression. It was observed the presence of normative practices in health, the predominance of the classroom mode in the conduction of the groups by 10 professionals, and the groups approached the restricted-biological model. Only one group indicated greater openness for listening and expression of users. It was possible to observe that while the professionals' discourse approached orientations on the conduction of health policy groups, in their practices professionals tended to adopt behaviors that deviated from such guidelines.