Extratos vegetais associados ou não a biofilme no controle de rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini, 1887)

Abstract

The tick is the ectoparasite that affects the cattle in the world. Their losses are caused as a result of the animal generated anemia, hindering weight gain and reducing milk production, abrasions on leather, transmission of toxins and pathogens besides spending on acaricide to control it. Two surveys were conducted to evaluate different extracts for control of cattle tick. The first experiment was to evaluate the efficacy of aqueous extracts of Cinamomo, Purple Pepper, Garlic, Herb-of-Santa-Maria and Tobacco in controlling this pest. Initially, the effects of the extracts to 15% (w / v) on the position and viability of both eggs and larvae of the tick following the methodology Drummond (1973) in addition to quantifying the total phenolic content and total flavonoid extract each. The most effective treatments to control the cattle tick were the 88.45% efficiency with smoke extract followed by the extract from the bark of the Cinamomo effectively to 63.63%. The extracts showed higher total phenolic content were the Cinamomo bark extract with 17.83 mg / g extract and the conventional Garlic with 16.79 mg / g. The extracts that showed the highest flavonoids contents were extracts of Yerba de-Santa-Maria with 5.4 mg / g and also the shell of cinamomo with 4.42 mg / g. It was observed that there is no relation between the total phenolic content and total flavonoid with insecticide activity of plant extracts studied. The tobacco and the Cinamomo showed potential as an alternative method for the control of cattle tick. The second experiment aimed to test in the extracts with higher activity ticks associated with a polysaccharide biofilm. The extracts were tested Tobacco, garlic and cinamomo at 5% concentration associated and not associated with biofilm, a combination of tobacco and cinnamon extract and 2.5% pure biofilm. Drummond's method (1973) for in vitro testing was used. The cinamomo extract associated with biofilm showed the best results demonstrating that the use of biofilm is a viable alternative to enhance the insecticide activity of the extract. The combination of cinnamon extract and tobacco statistically equal results to cinnamon extracts and tobacco insulated with double the concentration indicating a possible synergy.