Oralidade ancestral africana: um testemunho na série "história dos quilombolas", de Maciel de Aguiar

Abstract

Thesis carried out through a bibliographical survey, under the bias of black literature, with the general objective of mapping, systematizing and analyzing thematic aspects about the enslavement that occurred in the extreme north of the Espírito Santo State, in the 19th century, from the oral histories told by the old descendants of enslaved blacks, included in the series “História dos quilombolas”, by the capixaba writer Sebastião Maciel de Aguiar. The guiding questions are: Which aspects of the series “History of the Quilombolas” are marks of the oral tradition inherited from African culture? In what historical context are the narratives developed? Who are the quilombolas represented in the series and what do they represent? The series consists of forty volumes titled with the names of the black characters who star in each narrative. Among them, those that bear the marks of the oral tradition inherited from enslaved African ancestors were selected: The first twelve volumes, analyzed in chapter 3, deal with the tales told by old storytellers about blacks who were enslaved, resisted oppression and fought for freedom; volumes 13 to 16 deal with storytellers; volume 17 tells the story of the famous violist Chico D´Anta da Viola. Volumes 21, 22, 23 and 26 deal with the components of the Baile de Congos. Volumes 13 to 26 were analyzed in chapter 4. The other narratives were not included in this research because they deviate from the research proposal, as they deal with biographies of more current characters. On the oral tradition inherited from African culture, we start from the reflections of Hampaté Bâ (2010) and Jan Vansina (2010); and on historiography, the temporal thread of the narratives, we chose the work of Boris Fausto (1995) for a more general contextualization and for the more specific part about local history, the doctoral theses of Maria do Carmo de Oliveira Russo (2011) about slavery in São Mateus/ES in the years 1848 to 1888; by Simone Raquel Batista Ferreira (2009) on the quilombola communities of Sapê do Norte; by Vilma Almada (1984) on slavery in the second half of the 19th century in the State of Espírito Santo.