CARACTERIZAÇÃO QUÍMICA DE ALCALOIDES EM Crinum scabrum. Herb. (AMARYLLIDACEAE)

Abstract

The Amaryllidaceae family is comprised by class of the monocots family, being represented by 73 genera and approximately 1600 species stands out for the production of isoquinoline alkaloids. The genus Crinum Herb. presents a diversity of biological properties attributed, such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial and inhibitory and reversible action of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase and, consequently, has conquered a focus on science. However, the species Crinum scabrum Herb. reported only two studies in the literature. The first one reports the isolation of the alkaloid licorine and the last one, carried out more than 30 years ago, revealed three alkaloids: crinamine, 6 hydroxycrinamine and licorine. This research aims to isolate, characterize the alkaloids in the leaves and bulbs of the species Crinum scabrum. The plant material was collected at the Santa Efigênia farm, located in the city of Goiandira - GO Goiás state, Brazil (18 ° 13 '5761' 'S, 48 ° 08' 6886 '' W), deposited in the Herbarium VIES - UFES (Universidade Federal of Espírito Santo). After collection and identification, the extract was obtained by acid-base extraction, obtaining an organic fraction rich in alkaloids. They were initially analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The purification of fractions rich in alkaloids was carried out through of successive chromatographic steps, column adsorption chromatography, alkaloid identification were developed using a 400 MHz ¹H (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) NMR Spectrometer. The preliminary analysis by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (CG-EM) identified 16 compounds already known in addition to 5 others not identified by the database provided by Prof. Dr. Jaume Bastida of the University of Barcelona, Comparing the chemical shifts presented with the literature, it was verified, in this experimental study, the presence of the following isoquinoline alkaloids, alkaline crinamine already described in the literature and a epimer mixture of haemantidine and 6- epihaemantidine that have not yet been described in this species, alkaloids whose skeleton comes from the alkaloid haemantamine and have hydroxyl at the C-6 position are often found as a mixture of isomers. The Crinum scabrum plant showed a high content of alkaloids, with 3 compounds isolated, 2 of which have not yet been described in this species.