Prevalência de cárie dentária e doença periodontal de crianças indígenas aldeadas (etnias Tupiniquim e Guarani) no município de Aracruz, ES

Abstract

In Brazil there are few studies on the indigenous oral health. This study, unprecedented in the State of Espírito Santo, aimed at assessing the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease of the indigenous child population (ethnic Tupiniquim and Guarani) in the municipality of Aracruz, ES. This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, with a quantitative approach. The study was approved by CEP-UFES (081/09), CONEP (0524/2010) and FUNAI. The final sample included 98 children, 57 aged 5 years and 41 aged 12 years. Two researchers were calibrated (kappa test = 0,9 to dental caries and 0,8 to periodontal disease) and participated as examiners. The clinical exams were conducted in indigenous schools, using natural light and sterilized materials (intra-oral mirror plane nº5 and explorer ―ball point‖). The results for children 5 years were: mean dmft of 3,6 with a predominance of decayed teeth (12,6%). The index showed that AG was 35,1% of children had gingival bleeding. For children aged 12 years, the DMFT was equal to 3,0 with prevalence of decayed teeth (6,6%). As the periodontal conditional, the CPI was observed 24,4% of healthy sextants, 68,3% had gingival bleeding and 7,3% with calculus. About dental caries, both age groups showed the restoration of one face as the need for treatment of increased demand. It was concluded that the oral health status of indigenous children from Aracruz-ES is not satisfactory, necessitating preventive and curative interventions. The results of this research, will serve as a basis for implementation of public politics in oral health, taking into a account the real needs of the indigenous community.