A reprodução ideológica do discurso político na educação : um entendimento através da fala dos professores universitários no contexto do Governo Geisel, 1974-1979

Abstract

The military regime in Brazil (1964-1985) comprehended a moment of deep social, economical and political transformations, witch the Brazilian population was subjected to, creating changes in its way of thinking and acting. These changes can be attributed to the role of the State Apparatus, witch acted both as a direct action, through the State Repressive Apparatus, and in the psychosocial area, through the State Ideological Apparatus. In the psychosocial area, we can highlight the role of de School in all its levels, from the appropriation of an ideology created by the National Security and Development Doctrine (Doutrina de Segurança Nacional e Desenvolvimento) and spread in its insides. This Doctrine, effected by the States’ breeding agents, played the role of the reconstruction of a new Nation Identity among the Brazilians, such Identity should be combined to the bourgeois’ thought and the fresh proposal of Nation to be planted by the new association Civil/Military. On the three decades in witch the military commended the country, the Brazilian population lived under an authoritarian and dictating Government that imposed a policy of exception to reach out to its real aim of a developed and capitalist Nation. The 70s represent a period in witch the State, in front of a great progression of development, faces a slowdown process in the growth, been forced to change the tone in its speech and start on a practice of political liberation, denominated Distension (Distensão). In this very same period, the country sees a need of a qualified labor configuration to feedback the demand created by the economical growth, and also sees the education expansion in every level to the promotion of this generation of human resources. The expansion of superior education, throughout the incentive to the paid education, appears as a government’s alternative to the creation of these resources demanded by the national growth. At the universities, where there is a considerable dissatisfaction with the government’s policies, it acts towards the maintenance of the social order through contents applied by the Studies of Brazilian’s Problems (Estudos dos Problemas Brasileiros), introducing in the classes advertisements of great actions of the State for the maintenance of growth, aiming the strengthening of the patriotic feeling among the students. In this approach, of a 28 State’s intervention, the teachers gain some special importance, once they, even in a quiet way, or because they fear a violent act from the State, contributed with the dissemination of ideologies sited in the National Security and Development Doctrine.