Contaminação por Bisfenol A (BPA) na infância: alterações cardiovasculares e o papel protetor do Kefir

Abstract

Introduction: Although the harmful effects of Bisphenol A (BPA) contamination in infancy has been demonstrated, the mechanisms of action of cardiovascular outcomes still is scant. Here, we demonstrate the effects of BPA in infancy and the protective action of kefir. Methods: Animals (25 days old) were treated with BPA (100 µg/Kg/day) for 60 days (BPA group), or administered with kefir (0.3 mL/100 g) in addition to BPA (BPA kefir group), compared with non-treated rats (Control group).The vascular endothelial function was evaluated in aortic rings through the relaxation response to acetylcholine (ACh) and specific blockers. The balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) synthase was assessed through flow cytometry in the vascular tissue. Results: The BPA group developed high blood pressure (+10%) and the analysis of vascular reactivity showed an impaired ACh-induced relaxation (~80%). The further analysis by using NADPH, NOS and COX blockers revealed that the impaired vasorelaxation was due to increased ROS production (+12%), NO bioavailability (- 12%) and increased vasoconstriction to prostanoids (+36%) compared with the Control group. Kefir treatment reverted those effects significantly. Analysis of the aortic cells showed increased •O2- production (1942±39 a.u.) and decreased NO bioavailability (1250±30 a.u.) compared with the Control group (1374±146 and 2777±25 a.u., P