Teatro, anfiteatro e circo: heterotopias e estigmas acerca do ambiente construído de Cartago, segundo Tertuliano (séc. II e III)

Abstract

In this dissertation, we analyze the construction of Tertullian's Christian representation, in De Spectaculis and Ad Martyras, between the centuries. II-III E.C, considering the spaces of the shows, the circus, the theater and the amphitheater, as objects of social and religious discourse. We aim to understand the symbols used by Tertullian to build a stigmatizing representation of civic spectacles organized in Carthage, differentiating them from the space of martyrdom, a fact that we believe to be crucial in the very construction of an excellent Christian identity. Facing the Roman stadia, the spaces of the shows, as heterotopic, we observe how Tertullian gives meaning to the spectacles, denoting them as prohibiting the presence of Christians, while characterizing the space of martyrdom as a place of privileged access to the sacred. To conduct the research, we used the concepts of representation, identity, stigma, space, fixed and flows, and heterotopy, and we will employ the Content Analysis methodology developed by Laurence Bardin to analyze the primary source.