Otimização das operações de compra e venda de energia por parte de veículos elétricos plug-in e modelagem de bateria com estimação de estado de carga via filtro de Kalman unscented

Abstract

The increase of the use of electric vehicles encourages studies in the area of integrating these new vehicles in the electric grid: Vehicle to Grid and Grid to Vehicle. The objective is to obtain answers on ways to deal with the insertion of electric vehicles in the electric system. Still in this context, a new paradigm appears in the energy market due to the possibility for electric vehicle users to sell and buy energy from the system. In the present work, a methodology for optimizing energy purchase and sale operations is presented, with the objective of minimizing costs and maximizing profit from the point of view of vehicles in two scenarios. In the first scenario, a single electric vehicle is considered; in the second scenario, a group of electric vehicles. In addition, a battery modeling is also presented, obtaining decision variables and estimating the charge state of the batteries via Unscented Kalman Filter. Decision making within the system that involves the interaction between electric vehicles and the electric grid is based, mainly, on the value of the state of charge of the battery of electric vehicles. It is important that the battery management system provides accurate information about the vehicle’s battery status, so that optimization does not subject batteries to improper operating regimes. In this work, the evaluation of the optimization methodology and the battery modeling are not integrated therefore both systems are carried out separately. The results obtained serve well the objectives of both the optimization methodology and battery modeling. Because of that, it’s noted that these methodologies are promising to address this type of problem.