Estado nutricional, análise da letalidade e mortalidade de pacientes que vivem com HIV/Aids na pandemia da Covid-19

Abstract

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, a retrovirus that attacks the immune system, which is responsible for defending the body against disease. The infection is characterized by a progressive decrease in TCD4 lymphocytes, culminating in the appearance of opportunistic diseases and neoplasms and constant protein-energy malnutrition, resulting in a state of profound immunodeficiency. At the end of 2019 and beginning of 2020, the severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2 emerged, authorities and health professionals assumed that people living with HIV and other immunocompromised conditions would be in a high risk group for the severe form of the disease. Objective: To assess the nutritional status of patients living with HIV/AIDS, including the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: The research was carried out at the reference center for sexually transmitted infections and HIV, of the Vitória/ES City Hall, by means of a time series study using secondary data through the electronic medical record information system, the medication logistics control system, the information system for notifiable diseases and the mortality information system. Results: 1581 HIV-positive patients were analyzed, 77.8% of whom were male and 22.2% female. The number of deaths analyzed was 135 (89 men and 46 women) 4 deaths from COVID-19. Conclusion: Data are limited on the clinical impact of nutritional status and COVID-19 disease in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus. Thus, this study, within its limits, joins other works in the search for a greater understanding of the effects of COVID-19 in HIV patients, thus contributing to the continuous expansion of knowledge in this specific field.