Análise da condição peri-implantar e da microbiota subgengival de implantes com diferentes conexões : estudo transversal após 5 anos de carga funcional

Abstract

The union between the implant and the prosthetic intermediate occurs through different connections, which present distinct characteristics, highlighting microgap width and mechanical stability. The aim of this study was to analyze the peri-implant condition and to compare the subgengival microbiota of implants with different connections, after at least 5 years of functional load. A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 30 implants installed in 16 healthy periodontal individuals, divided into three groups according to the type of connection: Group A - External Hexagon (n=14), Group B - Tri-Channel (n=9) and Group C - Morse Cone (n=7). All patients underwent clinical evaluation and the composition of the subgengival microbiota was analyzed using the Checkerboard DNA-DNA Hybridization technique, from samples of the subgingival biofilm. The clinical variables were analyzed by the Fisher Exact test, except for the probing depth variable that used the Kruskal-Wallis test, the same test was used to analyze the count (x106 ) of the DNA probes of the 40 bacterial species present in the biofilm samples. The clinical parameters index of visible plaque and bleeding on probing presented a high percentage in all types of connections (p˃0,05). The bacteria Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum (sp. vincentii), Prevotella nigrescens and Prevotella intermedia are present at high levels in group A, while Group B presents high levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Fusobacterium periodonticum (p<0.05). Group C had a low count of pathogenic bacteria. The study concluded that the type of prosthetic connection did not influence the peri-implant clinical parameters, but it influenced the bacterial colonization of the subgingival biofilm.