Atributos microbiológicos e químicos do solo sob diferentes sistemas de manejo

Abstract

The demand for sustainable systems of production has increased considerably in recent years, so we are looking for cropping systems that can combine agricultural production with the maintenance of soil quality, ensuring food security and productivity of our soils for future generations. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the changes in microbiological and chemical attributes of soil under different cropping systems, at different seasons. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Jaguaré-ES, where was evaluated five management systems, 01- Conilon coffee in monoculture, 02- Conilon coffee intercropped with rubber tree, 03- rubber tree in monoculture, 04- pasture of Brachiaria brizantha, and 05- fragment of Atlantic forest. The microbiological soil analyzes were carried out in winter and summer, and the chemical analysis only in the summer, both on the depth of 0-10 and 10-20 cm. The data were submitted to multivariate analysis and descriptive analysis of the variables, with average and average standard error. The microbiological attributes of the soil did not present an expressive change in the seasons evaluated, evidencing that the frequent occurrence of higher values in the summer is associated to the high precipitations coupled with the high temperatures. The adoption of management systems with coffee and rubber trees in intercropping or monoculture, and pasture of Brachiaria brizantha, under the conditions studied, presented little alteration in the microbiological attributes of the soil, showing up as viable alternatives to promote soil sustainability, combined with agricultural production. The chemical attributes of the soil vary independently of the microbiological attributes in the evaluated management systems, being more influenced by the fertilization and corrections of the soil, so that not always the area with better chemical attributes will present better microbiological attributes.