Análise comparativa da temperatura gerada por diferentes designs de brocas em osteotomia para implantes dentários : influência da reutilização

Abstract

This study evaluated the influence of drill geometry and progressive reuse on heat generation during osteotomy for dental implant placement. Two drills from the same manufacturer were compared: the Epikut® (cylindrical design) and the Strong SW® (conical drill design), using polyurethane blocks simulating type III human bone density. Drilling was performed without irrigation, and thermal monitoring was conducted using infrared thermography. The Epikut® drills demonstrated thermal stability over up to 30 reuses, with no significant increase in final mean temperature (p = 0.197). For example, the Epikut 2.0 mm produced mean temperatures of 45.15 ± 0.39 °C (1-10 uses) and 44.87 ± 0.89 °C after 30 uses. Other Epikut drills (2.7 mm, 3.0 mm, and 3.3 mm) remained below 35°C on average. In contrast, the Strong SW® drills showed a progressive and statistically significant increase in temperature with the number of reuses (p < 0.001). The Strong SW 2.0 mm, for instance, increased from 30.93 ± 0.92 °C (1-10 uses) to 36.11 ± 6.43 °C after 30 uses. The Strong SW 3.05 mm rose from 17.71 ± 4.17 °C to 33.55 ± 5.34 °C. The results suggest that the tapered design of the Epikut® drill promotes better thermal dissipation and greater safety for reuse, while the cylindrical design of the Strong SW® poses a higher risk of bone overheating after multiple reuses. These findings highlight the importance of appropriate instrument selection and strict control over the number of uses to preserve bone viability and ensure successful osseointegration