Respostas autonômicas e hemodinâmicas ao treinamento de alta intensidade com kettlebell em mulheres jovens saudáveis

Abstract

The cardiac autonomic modulation and hemodynamic response have been evaluated during effort and in the recovery phase after exercise, to evaluate the dose-response and effectiveness in providing these beneficial cardiovascular responses. Kettlebell training, a non-traditional modality, has been little explored in terms of its autonomic impact and effectiveness in promoting cardiovascular adaptations. The characterization of the stimulus of this type of exercise during training program can help in the optimization and effectiveness when prescribing kettlebell training concerning dose-effect related to volume, intensity and safety aspects throughout exercise sessions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the autonomic cardiac modulation and the acute hemodynamic response during and after exercise in three distinct phases during a hardstyle kettlebell training program applied to healthy young women. The training protocol consisted of 10 weeks preceded by two weeks of familiarization. The sessions included bouts of three to five sets of exercises (swing and squat), performed at intervals (30-second work to 30-second rest). To test normality, the Shapiro-Wilk test was used. Two-way ANOVA of repeated measurements was applied, followed by Sidak's post hoc test. Acutely, sympathetic autonomic activity, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate increased significantly in the face of the stressful stimulus of exercise and did not return to the initial values (pre-exercise) during recovery (p 0.05). A significant increase of 29.25% in the levels of maximum strength in the lower limbs was observed, as well as an increase of 8.51% in the aerobic capacity of the participants, in comparison to the initial values before the training period. The kettlebell hardstyle protocol is capable of generating vigorous cardiovascular responses and applied as a training program that promotes adaptations in physical fitnes