Influência de fatores socioeconômicos, clínicos e nutricionais no ganho de peso interdialítico em usuários de hemodiálise

Abstract

Introduction: Socioeconomic and lifestyle factors can influence interdialytic weight gain (IDWG). This excess of IDWG can lead to health complications for users of hemodialysis services, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease and even death. Objective: To evaluate the factors associated with IDWG in users of hemodialysis services in the Metropolitan Region of Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Methodology: This is an observational, cross-sectional and quantitative epidemiological study developed with 1024 patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. IDWG was calculated from the sum of the difference between the entry weight and the exit weight of 15 hemodialysis sessions. The binary logistic regression model was used to investigate the association between the independent variables and the GIPID. The variables included in the binary logistic regression analysis were selected considering a p-value < 0.10 in the bivariate tests. Results: It was observed that having more schooling (OR=0.537; 95%CI=0.310–0.931; p=0.027) and being overweight (OR=0.661; 95%CI=0.461–0.948; p=0.024) or obese (OR= 0.387; 95%CI=0.2460.608; p=<0.001) reduced the chances of users having high IDWG. On the other hand, those who did not have paid work (OR=2.025; 95%CI=1.218–3.365; p=0.007) and did not adopt measures to reduce salt consumption (OR=1.694; 95%CI=1.085–2.645; p=0.020), were more likely to have higher IDWG. Conclusion: The results showed that having higher education and being overweight reduce the chances of a high IDWG. On the other hand, not having paid work and not adopting measures to reduce salt consumption contribute to increasing these chances. Therefore, knowing these factors is essential for targeting interventions that can minimize the impact of GPID on the health of this population