Melhoramento genético do mamoeiro : novos híbridos para o Norte do Espírito Santo

Abstract

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is one of the most important and widely distributed crops in tropical and subtropical countries. The problems affecting the cultivation of papaya involve the low number of commercially explored varieties and hybrids, that meet the requirements of national and international markets. An alternative and viable solution to these problems is to use the expansion of the genetic basis of papaya through improvement programs using hybridizations. In this context, three Works were developed: the first and the second aimed to evaluate the behavior of 11 and 10 new hybrids obtained in Caliman Agrícola S.A. as for the plant morphological characteristics and fruit biometric; the third work proceeded to sensory and physicochemical evaluation of fruit as well as the linear correlation in 23 cultivars. The results obtained with the variance analysis and subsequent average test of all characteristics evaluated showed significant differences among the cultivars. Based on the results, it was detected the presence of hybrid with plant morphological characteristics, productive aspects and interesting fruit quality, suggesting that they are assessed to other agronomically important characteristics for future commercial launches. The acceptance of the cultivars by the consumer can basically be performed from the ratings on the content of total soluble solids, since it is a method xi that is more practical, cheap and efficient than the evaluation by hedonic scale and it presents high positive correlation with the hedonic scale method.