Análise espacial dos casos notificados de febre amarela no estado do Espírito Santo

Abstract

Yellow fever (YF) is an infectious, feverish and acute disease, immunoprevalent , transmitted through the bite of mosquitoes mainly belung to the Haemagogus and Aedes genera, found in America and Africa, respectively. It is considered an endemic disease in Brazil (Amazon region) and in Africa. In the extra Amazonian region, epidemic p eriods are occasionally recorded, characterizing the reemergence of the virus in the country. During the period 2106/2017, it occurred the largest epidemic of wild Yellow Fever (YF) in the last 80 years in Brazil, reaching mainly the states of the Southeas t Region where the largest population concentration occurs, and is the most economically developed region of the country and presents a considerable rate of Aedes aegypti infestation. Objective To evaluate the spatial distribution of the completeness of t he Yellow Fever (YF) notification cards in the year of 2017 in the State of Espírito Santo and to analyze the diffusion of YF cases in time and space, in the 2017 epidemic in the State of Espírito Santo. Methods This is an ecological study, with spatial a nalysis through the Arcgis 10.3 software, of the cases of YF reported in the SINAN ( Notification Disease Information System ), in the period of 2017 in Espírito Santo (ES) State. Geostatistical analysis were used in the analysis, in addition to descriptive data, through tables, graphs and maps. Results A total of 78 municipalities were analyzed, of which 49 reported YF on SINAN. The study indicates that 53% of municipalities presented a bad / regular classification for many variables in the notification form (final classification of cases (57,14), confirmation criteria (63,26%) and closure date (26,53%)), being considered fields of mandatory fulfillment of the research records. The geoprocessing showed that the yellowish disease arrived at the State of the ES by the neighboring municipalities to the state of Minas Gerais, following in the east of the state, reaching the coast. It showed a greater concentration of cases and time of permanence in the Central and Metropolitan regions, which present regions of Atl antic Forest. Through the geostatistical analysis by ordinary Kriging, it demonstrated a pattern of continuity of the diffusion by contagion. Conclusion Our results highlight the need to improve the quality of information generated by the Health Informati on Systems, as well as the georeferencing demonstrated a continuity pattern by diffusion of contagion of YF cases inthe municipalities of the ES, with an increase in epidemiological weeks it occurs an increase on the distance of the cases in relation to th e municipality of origin