Influência da intervenção-relaxamento no sistema imunológico de mães com neonatos de baixo peso

Abstract

Problem: IgA present in colostrum or milk can offer passive protection for the gastrointestinal system of the newborn. In humans, the IgA is not absorbed by the neonate, but protects mucosal surfaces from infection; it can also influence the intestinal flora and the development of the infant’s immune system. This imunoglobulin is the most important one and it is presented in all mucosa and in breast milk abundantly. Objectives: the study assesses the effect of relaxation intervention in mothers’ immune system of low birth weight newborns. Method: the sample consisted of 60 puerperal women (control and experimental groups) with babies weighing less than 2500 grams and who received care in the Obstetrician Service of Antonio Bezerra de Faria Hospital – Vila Velha – ES. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee/UFES. The salivary Immunoglobulin A was established as an immunologic parameter. The correlation between puerperal women’s salivary IgA with low birth weight newborns and the variables of age, parity, kind of delivery, gestational age at birth, newborn weight gain, smoking, alcohol use, anxiety traits, anxiety state, depression, mother’s feeling in relation to the newborn and newborn’ s weight gain, besides the intervention in salivary IgA were examined. The following instruments STAI and EPDS were used in order to study these variables. Salivary IgA was measured through immunoturbidimetry. Salivary samples were collected in two times: postpartum and post training and the relaxation was used in the experimental group or the corresponding moment in the control group. The statistical treatment SPSS – 14.0 version was used. Results: the finding data are not statistically significant and show that relaxation intervention does not modulate salivary IgA in the experimental group after learning, internalization and the practice of relaxation technique. The correlation between control variables with salivary IgA was not found but a reduction of the anxiety state in the two assessed groups was obtained directly related to the kind of maternal feeling in relation to the newborn in a statistically significant way. Conclusions: the control of psycologic variables is extremelly important to fundament the health professional intervention, since the maternal feeling in relation to the low weight newborn infuence directly in her anxiety, mainly in state.