A institucionalização do sistema municipal de ensino em Cariacica e as alterações na cultura política local (2005 – 2012)

Abstract

The present study has the purpose to understand of the implementation process of the Municipal Education System (MES), within the framework of Brazilian federalism, in the municipality of Cariacica. We considered that, historically, the political and institutional organization of the nation was based on practices aligned to the patrimonial State, characterized by the overlapping of private interests rather than the public thing. Thus, the impact of private power on the institutional historical development has greatly affected the consolidating fundamental rights, including education. However, the redemocratization process, having the 1988 Constitution as the foundation of a new historical moment, established decentralization as the main characteristic of Brazilian federalism and incorporated municipalities into the federative pact, leading it to a greater responsibility. In the education field, it established that the Union, states and municipalities would act in a collaborative way and that the municipality could institute its own education system, within the principle of democratic management. Through historical research anchored in the qualitative method, the dissertation sought to understand the historical and educational process that took place in Cariacica and its reflexes in the period between the two PT mandates (2005-2008 and 2009-2012) at the head of the municipal administration. Through theoretical references, data collection and interviews, we found that the studied period corresponded to an institutional turn in the municipality, with the creation of the Municipal Education System as a fundamental point of inflection for the construction of relationships based on constitutional principles, producing changes in the local political culture.