O ensino de química orgânica na educação de jovens e adultos: o uso de oficinas pedagógicas para uma aprendizagem significativa

Abstract

This work presents the results of the research of Master in Teaching in Basic Education, which seeks to investigate the profile of the students of the teaching modality of Youth and Adult Education (EJA) and to propose the development of teaching workshops in the process of learning Organic Chemistry, from the use of didactic games and the manufacture of homemade perfumes. The research was developed with students from the 3rd stage of EJA High School, from a state school in the city of Colatina/ES. The investigation obeyed the qualitative design, characterized as action research. To draw the class profile, students were given a diagnostic questionnaire containing questions about age, gender, profession and studies. To choose the content to be developed in the workshops, taking into account the difficulty in assimilating and learning in organic functions of most students, the themes defined for the development of the research were hydrocarbons and alcohol, because they are contents that are widely used in the daily life of the students. With this, you can relate the chemical concepts of these functions in the reality to which the educating is inserted, thus aligning a theory with daily life. Data collection techniques were pre and post-questionnaires applied to students, personal experience reports and observations, in order to obtain relevant and consistent information about the validity of the method. The analysis of the questionnaires was based on Bardin's content analysis. The methodologies developed were elaborated according to the National Curriculum Parameters of Chemistry (PCN) aiming at meaningful learning. The analysis of the data obtained through the questionnaires, reports and observations showed that the applied methodologies allowed the students the opportunity to reconstruct and re elaborate their previous concepts about Organic Chemistry, revealing significant potential of the teaching and learning process with the application of the pedagogical workshops. Authors such as Ausubel, Moreira and Freire theoretically support research on the application of new teaching methodologies focused on meaningful learning.