O campo térmico do distrito de Carapina-Serra/ES: estudo de caso em áreas litorâneas

Abstract

Contribution incresing of sensible heat in the atmosphere are derived urban activities and structures. Threwith the geoecological attributes of the site, is capable of forming heat islands and generating thermal discomfort for the population, could negatively impact the quality of life in the city. Thus, understanding the socioeconomic importance of the district of Carapina for the municipality of Serra, as well as for the entire Metropolitan Region of Greater Vitória (RMGV) and observing the accelerated process of urbanization experienced by the region, this work analyze if the changes in the patterns land, occupation and the intensification of urban dynamics were able to alter the thermal conditions of the urbanized area of the Carapina - Serra / ES district, to the point of characterizing the formation of atmospheric heat islands and / or the existence of a urban climate. In order to do this, the mobile transects technique was used, and two morning, afternoon and evening data collection campaigns were performed, one in the summer and one in the winter, both under the semi-fixed anticliclonal system of South America (ASAS). In addition to the mobile measures were also installed meteorological miniabrigos equipped with dataloggers of automatic registration. The fixed stations measured the air temperature values every 1h00min throughout the winter and summer seasons. The 7 fixed collection points and 35 furniture sought to cover the different geological and geoecological characteristics of the district of Carapina. The results show that the warmer areas were well defined in the morning and evening periods. In the nocturnal analysis, the thermal field showed practically homogeneous behavior. In the summer it was possible to observe the formation of islands of strong heat magnitude at 9 am (5.2°C), very strong magnitude at 4 pm (11°C) and of low magnitude at 8 pm. (2.9°C). In the winter, the heat islands were only observed in the afternoon (3 pm - 8.2°C) and at night (4 pm - 5,4°C). The highest daily thermal amplitudes were verified in the data collections performed at 4 pm (summer) and 3 pm (winter). The island of night heat was more prominent in winter, being 2.5 ° C higher than that formed in the summer. In general, the points located in the coastal portion presented cooler temperatures in relation to the interior. The diagnosis confirmed that the constructive aspects of the cities, the different urban functions, the high vehicular traffic intensity, the urban morphology, associated to the characteristics of the local relief, as well as the sea breeze dynamics, directly influence the thermal behavior of the air. to generate the formation of atmospheric heat islands. The values of S.V.F. directly influenced the thermal field of the district, facilitating the entry of radiation during the day and contributing to a rapid dispersion of the sensible heat at dusk. Although it is already possible to observe the influence of the georbans aspects on the behavior of the thermal field, the analysis was not sufficient to affirm the existence of an urban climate in the district of Carapina-Serra / ES.