Tecnologias educacionais para pacientes de um programa de cirurgia bariátrica e metabólica

Abstract

Introduction: Bariatric surgery is an effective method for treating obesity and chronic diseases associated with it, with promising results for patients who have not been successful with other therapeutic possibilities for treating the disease. It is a procedure capable of causing many changes and different physical and emotional alterations, making it necessary for the patient to understand the entire surgical process. This research proposed the elaboration of educational booklets, with the purpose of collaborating with the health education of patients, aiming to meet an institutional demand to facilitate learning and clarify doubts, contributing to a better adherence to treatment, in the Bariatric Surgery Program and Metabolic in which the researcher works. This project is aligned with the line of research called nursing care in the human development process. Objectives: To build and validate educational booklets for patients in the Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Program of a university hospital in the southeast region. Methodology: Methodological study of the development of educational technology with a participatory approach, carried out in three stages: 1) Elaboration of contents through an integrative literature review and interviews with patients; 2) Development of booklets according to Echer's stages; 3) Validation of content, structure and presentation, language and adaptation to the target audience by the multidisciplinary team, using the Content Validity Index (CVI). Results: The answers obtained from the interviews with the patients and from the literature review were the basis for the elaboration of three booklets: Obesity and Bariatric Surgery; Guidelines on the Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Program and Guidelines on pre and post-operative Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery. In validation with eight judges, the materials obtained a global Content Validity Index of 0.85; 0.80 and 0.86. Conclusion: The booklets produced will be made available for use by the multidisciplinary team of the Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Program at the university hospital, as well as by professionals from other places who perform this type of procedure. This research has the potential to generate impact and be applied at the local, regional and national level, as the booklets can be used in a motivating way to optimize the dissemination of information about bariatric surgery and its stages, support health care planning and direct the actions of the multidisciplinary team. It also contributes to support decisions and establish new work processes, with the aim of improving the quality of care provided to patients, directing them through the stages experienced in the surgical treatment of obesity.