"E o pulso ainda pulsa”: da teoria crítica às experiências da arte na educação

Abstract

This study seeks to analyze the role of art in today's society from key concepts constructed by Hebert Marcuse: The fantasy/imagination, and its foundation through the principles of pleasure, reality and performance; The role of art, and the emergence of the possibility of glimpsing the interlace between the universes of understanding and perception, subjective and objective, that occurs when fantasy takes shape; The Great Refusal that extends as a notion of "radical act" that is concretized in counterpoint to the established social model; the New Sensibility, which dialogues in our theme because it is a perception of refusal to the value system that supports the current social system and finally Free Time, together with the ideas of Theodor Adorno, which clarifies us a little more about the way we direct our time and the perception of it towards society, art and subjectivity itself. Based on the theoretical material, the objective of this study was to investigate the unidimensionality of society in the process of artistic creation (theatrical script) of students of basic education in the city of São Mateus, north of Espírito Santo. To this end, the methodology used was a participatory investigation, carried out through the offer of a workshop of theatrical practice, being carried out with students of the final grades of elementary school. Through the analysis of the scripts produced, as well as the students' answers to the registration questionnaire, it was observed that, even when creating a plot that faces problems and delicate themes, the students who participated in the workshop found themselves allocated within the one-dimensional logic. This realization allowed us to perceive the action of the role of art in our society, which, based on the Marcusian theory, is not able to liberate the individual and his consciousness, however, has an indispensable role of allowing him to identify, and even glimpse, the possibility of experiencing his stage of non-freedom.