Um estudo contextualizado das razões trigonométricas no triângulo retângulo

Abstract

Trigonometry is an important area of mathematics that stands out because of the vast contributions to different areas of knowledge, such as topography, engineering and, especially, astronomy. The objective of this research is to provide an contextualized study of the trigonometric ratios in the right triangle, through history and problem solving. A little history of trigonometry is described, preliminary concepts of mathematics, necessary for the current study, are presented, trigonometric ratios are defined, highlighting relationships and identities, formulas for calculating ratio of complementary angles, double arc and half arc and values for notable angles. Evidencing several contributions of trigonometry to humanity, through problem solving, there are several mathematical and practical situations in which it is employed. Trigonometry is worked with mathematical rigor, but in an accessible way to elementary school students.